South Sudan rivals meet for peace talks in Ethiopia

South Sudan rivals meet for peace talks in Ethiopia

South Sudan's president, rebel chief will meet in Addis Ababa for first time since brutal civil war broke out nearly five months ago.

South Sudan's president and rebel chief prepared to meet Friday for the first time since brutal civil war broke out nearly five months ago, amid mounting international pressure to stem bloodshed and avert famine.

The expected talks, taking place after intense lobbying from world leaders with Washington slapping sanctions on senior military commanders, come a day after the UN warned crimes against humanity had likely be carried out in the still raging conflict.

President Salva Kiir arrived Friday in the Ethiopian capital, where he is slated to meet his former vice president turned arch rival, rebel chief Riek Machar.

Foreign Minister Barnaba Marial Benjamin told reporters he hoped the meeting "would bring peace" and "allow full implementation of the ceasefire agreement", which has been in tatters ever since it was signed in January.

But a spokesman for Machar, who had swapped his military fatigues for a business suit when he arrived in Addis Ababa late Thursday from his rebel base in South Sudan, said the two leaders would be unlikely to meet immediately.

Both will first hold talks first with host and top mediator, Ethiopian Prime Minister Hailemariam Desalegn.

"I don't think Riek Machar and Salva Kiir will meet directly today," Machar's spokesman James Gadet Dak said.

While both leaders speak of peace, fierce fighting still rages and the United Nations has warned of the risk of severe famine and genocide.

The rebel's military spokesman Lul Ruai Koang claimed heavy clashes Friday in three states, including the key oil-producing states of Unity and Upper Nile.

- Executions, massacres, rape, mutilation -

"Our leaders are here in Addis Ababa to find a peaceful political settlement...but the government is propagating war," Koang said. "Juba doesn't believe in a political solution, they believe in a military option."

However, government army spokesman Philip Aguer said the last reports of fighting he had were from late Thursday, in battles around the contested town of Bentiu, which has been largely destroyed as it has repeatedly swapped hands between the two sides.

A UN peacekeeping mission report released Thursday said that "fighting continues with little hope that civilians will see any respite from the relentless violence."

Warning of "countless" gross human rights violations, the UN report said "there are reasonable grounds to believe that crimes against humanity have been committed during the conflict by both government and opposition forces."

The conflict, which started as a personal rivalry between Kiir and Machar, has seen the army divide along ethnic lines, pitting members of Kiir's Dinka tribe against Machar's Nuer.

"Countless incidents of gross violations of human rights and serious violations of humanitarian law have occurred during the conflict in South Sudan," said the UN report.

"These include extrajudicial killings, enforced disappearances, rape, the direct targeting of civilians, often along ethnic lines."

The United States this week unveiled its first sanctions in response to the "unthinkable violence", targeting one military leader from each side.

The war has claimed thousands -- and possibly tens of thousands -- of lives, with over 1.2 million people forced to flee their homes.

Aid agencies are warning that South Sudan is now on the brink of Africa's worst famine since the 1980s, while both US Secretary of State John Kerry and the UN human rights chiefs have spoken of their fears that the country could slide towards genocide.

But as pressure builds to stem the brutal conflict, fears are growing that political leaders can no longer hold back their warring forces as communities spiral into cycles of revenge attacks, Amnesty International said Thursday.

Testimonies in Amnesty's report describe civilians including children executed by the side of the road "like sheep", gang rapes of women using sticks, and other victims "grotesquely mutilated" with their lips sliced off.

In one case, a woman who was three months pregnant was gang-raped by 14 men and then forced to watch as seven women who resisted being raped were killed as gunmen instead forced sticks into their vaginas.

"The longer ethnic rivalries are allowed to deepen and fester, the more fragmented South Sudan will become, making reconciliation and sustainable peace much more difficult to achieve," Amnesty warned.

The conflict erupted on December 15 with Kiir accusing Machar of attempting a coup. Machar then fled to the bush to launch a rebellion, insisting that the president had attempted to carry out a bloody purge of his rivals.

Source Middle East Online